Monocular Cues- Linear Perspective

Linear perspective is when parallel lines appear to meet as they travel into the distance.

Monocular Cues- Overlap (Interposition)

Overlap (interposition) is when one object overlaps another, the object that is partially obscured is perceived as being farther away.

Motion Perception

Motion perception is the process of inferring the speed and direction of objects that move in a visual scene given some visual input.

Perceptual Constancies- Shape Constancy

Shape constancy can be defined as the tendency to perceive the shape of an object to be constant, despite differences in viewing angles.

For example when you walk to the dinner table, the shapes of the plates do not change (visually). That is because the shapes of the plates are elliptical on your retina, so they appear the same.

The end result of this example below can be explained because even though you rotated the object, it will still appear the same as it did when you looked at it straight on. But the actual image of the plate, on your retina, has changed a lot.

A Binocular Cue- using both eyes to judge depth in a situation. 

In the picture below a binocular cue is shown because in order to accurately shoot a basketball you need the view from both eyes to help judge the depth. 

Rules of Perceptual Organization

5.) Figure-Ground Perception- being able to simplify a scene into a figure and background. 

This image shows the rule of figure-ground perception because the way the photo is taken, the mind thinks the chinchilla in front is larger that the girl next to it. Another way of viewing it is to see the chinchilla up close and the girl standing far away. 

Perceptual Constancies- Brightness Constancy

Brightness constancy can be specifically defined as the tendency for an object to be visually perceived as having the same brightness under a range of different levels of illumination.

In simpler terms, and for example, if you look at a white piece of paper in very bright sunlight and then look at that same paper under less illumination, the paper still seems like it has the same brightness as it did when it was in very bright light. (Even though the levels of illumination were different.)

(The picture on the left was taken with the flash on, and the picture on the right was taken without the flash.)